Hello Stephen, can you tell us a little bit about your background and how you got interested into diet issues and became passionate about low-carb and nutritional ketosis? Was it more from a “general health” perspective or a “sports performance” perspective, or something else?
I am trained in internal medicine, and during medical school, I discovered that I could go long distances on a bicycle – but only if I ate lots of carbs while I rode. I wondered if my patients in the intensive care unit who were not being fed felt as bad and performed as poorly as I did if I rode 200 km without eating. After my medicine residency, I decided to take a ‘break year’ to learn more about nutrition (which was not taught in my medical school [Stanford]). That single year became 4 years and a PhD in nutritional biochemistry.
What is your personal diet today? Do you walk the walk and talk the talk?
For nine of the last 10 years, I have eaten a moderate protein, high fat diet with less than 50 grams per day of total carbohydrates. I eat about 3000 kcal per day, with 12-15% from protein, 80% from fat, and less than 7% from carbs. Why 9 years out of 10? In 2003, I adopted the above diet because of increasing weight and high blood pressure. Within 2 weeks my blood pressure was normal off meds, and within 3 months I had lost the extra weight. After a year on this diet, my weight and blood pressure remained normal, but my friends and family were worried that all that dietary fat would be bad for me. So I then did a year rigorously following the DASH Diet (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension, promoted by the US Department of Health). In that year of doing what I was trained to tell my patients that was the best diet for hypertension, I fully regained my hypertension and half of the excess weight I had lost. So in May of 2005, I resumed my low carb lifestyle, lost the extra pounds, and have been weight-stable off of high blood pressure meds for 8 years.
A little bit of a historical perspective before we dig into the molecules!


